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PL-DE-EN | to WHO | Ärzte | Interphone | Tumour risk

  1. "ESHRE, BERLIN 2004: SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME"
  2. Stellungnahme des BfS zum Artikel "Machen Handys ihre Nutzer unfruchtbar?"
  3. Zusammenhang zwischen regelmäßigem Handy-Gebrauch und menschlicher Samenqualität, Übersetzung
  4. Mobile phones can cut a man's fertility by a third
  5. Handys können die Fruchtbarkeit von Männern um 30% reduzieren
  6. Weniger Kinder durch das Handy
  7. Sperm damage claims over phone radiation
  8. Men who use mobile phones face increased risk of infertility
  9. Cell phones may hurt sperm
  10. Mobiles may decrease men's fertility
  11. Comments on Heavy mobile use ''damages sperm''
  12. Cell phones damage male fertility
  13. Dr. Ashok Agarwal hits again
  14. Junge Schweizer Männer haben schlechte Spermien



Junge Schweizer haben schlechte Spermien

auf iddd.de ab 25.4.08

aus Tages-Anzeiger, 10.04.08

Bern. - Eine Studie im Rahmen des Nationalen Forschungsprogramms "Hormonaktive Stoffe" testet 3000 junge Männer auf ihre Fruchtbarkeit. Rund zweieinhalb Jahre, nachdem über das Projekt informiert wurde, sind nun erste Teilresultate bekannt. Und diese fielen überraschend schlecht aus. Denn bei jedem zweiten Stellungspflichtigen lag einer der untersuchten Werte wie etwa Anzahl, Beweglichkeit oder Geschwindigkeit der Spermien unter dem Vergleichswert der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO).

Michel Crausaz, Leiter der Studie von der Fondation Faber in Lausanne, hatte mit einem weitaus besseren Resultat gerechnet, wie er in der Sendung "Rendez-vous" von Schweizer Radio DRS vom Mittwoch sagte. Er und seine Kollegen stehen vor einem Rätsel: "Im Moment ist es absolut unmöglich, eine Erklärung dafür abzugeben", räumte Crausaz ein.

Auch lässt sich derzeit noch kaum sagen, was die Ergebnisse genau bedeuten. Wer aber die WHO-Normen nicht erfüllt, muss mit seiner Partnerin wohl zumindest mehr Geduld haben, um sich den Kinderwunsch zu erfüllen. Laut Crausaz dauert es statt einem oder zwei Monaten vielleicht ein Jahr, bis es zu einer Schwangerschaft kommt.

Die Untersuchungen wurden in den Westschweizer Kantonen gestartet und laufen derzeit in der Ostschweiz. Je nach Region machten laut Divisionär Gianpiero Lupi, dem Oberfeldarzt der Armee, bisher fünf bis zehn Prozent der Stellungspflichtigen mit. Gerechnet habe man ursprünglich aber mit etwa zehn Prozent. (AP)

weitere Studien

Erogul O, Oztas E, Yildirim I, Kir T, Aydur E, Komesli G, Irkilata HC, Irmak MK, Peker AF.: "Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study". Arch Med Res. 2006 Oct;37(7):840-843.
Fejes I, Zavaczki Z, Szollosi J, Koloszar S, Daru J, Kovacs L, Pal A: " Is there a relationship between cell phone use and semen quality?" Arch Androl. 2005 Sep-Oct;51(5):385-393.
Grajewski B, Cox C, Schrader SM, Murray WE, Edwards RM, Turner TW, Smith JM, Shekar SS, Evenson DP, Simon SD, Conover DL: "Semen quality and hormone levels among radiofrequency heater operators". J Occup Environ Med. 2000 Oct;42(10):993-1005
Lancranjan, Ioana; Maicanescu, Madelaine; Rafaila, Emilia; Klepsch, Iulia; Popescu, H. I.: "Gonadic Function in Workmen With Long-term Exposure to Microwaves". Health Physics. 29(3):381-383, September 1975.

mehr hier unten



Dr. Ashok Agarwal hits again

published on iddd.de 8.2.08

Sperms and Mobile - not a direct connection- Dr. Ashok Agarwal hits again

exmsnbc.msn.com/
exsciencedirect.com/
PL exNiepokojace wiesci z Cleveland ("Komórki" a jakosc spermy)

Male factor

Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study

Ashok Agarwal Ph.D., H.C.L.D.a, Fnu Deepinder M.D.a, Rakesh K. Sharma Ph.D.a, Geetha Ranga Ph.D.b and Jianbo Li Ph.D.c

aReproductive Research Center, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
bKarthekeya Medical Research and Diagnostic Center, Mumbai, India
cDepartment of Quantitative Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
Received 22 August 2006;  revised 31 January 2007;  accepted 31 January 2007.  Available online 4 May 2007.

Objective

To investigate the effect of cell phone use on various markers of semen quality.

Design

Observational study.

Setting

Infertility clinic.

Patient(s)

Three hundred sixty-one men undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into four groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: no use; group B: <2 h/day; group C: 2–4 h/day; and group D: >4 h/day.

Intervention(s)

None.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Sperm parameters (volume, liquefaction time, pH, viscosity, sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology).

Result(s)

The comparisons of mean sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology among four different cell phone user groups were statistically significant. Mean sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology were significantly different in cell phone user groups within two sperm count groups. The laboratory values of the above four sperm parameters decreased in all four cell phone user groups as the duration of daily exposure to cell phones increased.

Conclusion(s)

Use of cell phones decrease the semen quality in men by decreasing the sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology. The decrease in sperm parameters was dependent on the duration of daily exposure to cell phones and independent of the initial semen quality.

Key Words: Cell phone; electromagnetic radiations; sperm parameters; male infertility

Reprint requests: Dr. Ashok Agarwal, Professor, Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Director, Center for Advanced Research in Human, Reproduction, Infertility, and Sexual Function, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk A19.1, Cleveland, OH 44195 (FAX: 216-445-6049).




Cell phones damage male fertility

on iddd.de: 30.09.2007

Wdowiak A, Wdowiak L, Wiktor H: Evaluation of the effect of using mobile phones on male fertility.

ORIGINAL ARTICLES AAEM, .pdf, 91,7 KB
Ann Agric Environ Med 2007, 14, 169-172

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF USING MOBILE PHONES ON MALE FERTILITY
Artur Wdowiak1, Leszek Wdowiak2, 3, Henryk Wiktor1

1. Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Obstetric-Gynaecological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
2. Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Lublin, Poland
3. Chair and Institute of Health Protection Management and Economics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland

Wdowiak A, Wdowiak L, Wiktor H: Evaluation of the effect of using mobile phones on male fertility. Ann Agric Environ Med 2007, 14, 169-172.

Handys zerstören die männliche Zeugungsfähigkeit
28.9.2007 from Iris, Martin, Prof. Hardell

CONCLUSIONS

The findings, from a team Artur Wdowiak, Leszek Wdowiak, Henryk Wiktor of the Medical University of Lublin in Poland, indicate that the electromagnetic fields generated by mobile phones damage male fertility.

1. A decrease in the percentage of live sperm cells in a vital, progressive motility in semen is correlated with the frequency of usage of mobile phones.

2. An increase in the percentage of sperm cells with ab-normal morphology is associated with the duration of ex-posure to the waves emitted by GSM equipment.



Abstract:

The problem of the lack of offspring is a phenomenon concerning approximately 15% of married couples in Poland. Infertility is defi ned as inability to conceive after a year of sexual intercourses without the use of contraceptives. In half of the cases the causative factor is the male.

Males are exposed to the effect of various environmental factors, which may decrease their reproductive capabilities. A decrease in male fertility is a phenomenon which occurs within years, which may suggest that one of the reasons for the decrease in semen parameters is the effect of the development of techniques in the surrounding environment.

A hazardous effect on male fertility may be manifested by a decrease in the amount of sperm cells, disorders in their mobility, as well as structure. The causative agents may be chemical substances, ionizing radiation, stress, as well as electromagnetic waves. The objective of the study was the determination of the effect of the usage of cellular phones on the fertility of males subjected to marital infertility therapy.

The following groups were selected from among 304 males covered by the study:

Group A:
99 patients who did not use mobile phones,

Group B:
157 males who have used GSM equipment sporadically for the period of 1-2 years, and

Group C:
48 people who have been regularly using mobile phone for more than 2 years.

In the analysis of the effect of GSM equipment on the semen it was noted that an increase in the percentage of sperm cells of abnormal morphology is associated with the duration of exposure to the waves emitted by the GSM phone. It was also confi rmed that a decrease in the percentage of sperm cells in vital progressing motility in the semen is correlated with the frequency of using mobile phones.


Address for correspondence: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland, 20-950 Lublin, Jaczewskiego 5.

arturwdowiak am vp.pl



Comments on Heavy mobile use ''damages sperm''

4.12.06

Wednesday November 01st 2006, 8:58 am
Filed under: Cell phone news, the weblog version of this message is at: http://emfacts.com/weblog/index.php?p=579

From Lukas H. Margaritis:

Please add my comments to emfacts on dr agarwal's work on mobile phone effects on sperm.

1.
This finding is in line with 2005 (october) publication from Hungary

Arch Androl. 2005 Sep-Oct;51(5):385-93
Is there a relationship between cell phone use and semen quality? By Fejes I, Zavaczki Z, Szollosi J, Koloszar S, Daru J, Kovacs L, Pal A., Andrology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Szeged, Hungry.

2.
We have found similar effects on insect sperm activity

Panagopoulos, D.J., Karabarbounis A., Margaritis L.H. (2004) Effect of GSM 900-MHZ mobile phone radiation on the reproductive capacity of Drosophila melanogaster.

Electromagnetic Biology & Medicine, vol23, nr.1, 29-43, 2004 http://kyttariki.biol.uoa.gr/mobile_phones/article-2004.pdf
A pdf file is available for download)

3.
Magras and Xenos have reported same effects on mice.

RF radiation-induced changes in the prenatal development of mice.
Bioelectromagnetics. 1997;18(6):455-61.

4.
Data are lacking from Dr. Agarwal's work., i.e.

if the users were speaking through hands free or blue tooth having the phone in their pants it makes sense to have the testes affected. But even if you are speaking having the phone in your ear, depending on the signal strength the amount of radiation reaching the testes for 4 hours a day is capable of causing spermatogenesis problems (especially if the user is sitting during the call, i.e. in his office or in the car).

5.
I strongly support Agarwal's findings although

I agree that more research is necessary and I do not agree with Dr Allan Pacey's comments.

6.
Please see our research activities in the url

http://kyttariki.biol.uoa.gr/EMR_GROUP_GR.htm

Lukas H. Margaritis
Professor of Cell Biology and Radiobiology
Dept. of Cell Biology & Biophysics
Faculty of Biology, Athens University
Athens, Greece, 15701

tel. +30-210-7274542, Fax. +30-210-7274742



Mobiles may decrease men's fertility

From Mark Henderson, Science Editor of The Times, in New Orleans

24.10.2006

Men who are heavy users of mobile phones have significantly lower sperm counts than usual, according to new research that suggests radiation from handsets could be damaging male fertility. Both the quantity and quality of a man's sperm declines as his daily mobile use increases, a study of 361 infertility patients in the United States has found.

The greatest effects were seen among very heavy users who talk on a mobile for more than four hours a day, these produce about 40 per cent less sperm than men who never use a mobile at all. Smaller falls in sperm count were also seen among those who use mobiles less frequently.

The findings, from a team led by Ashok Agarwal of the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, could indicate that the electromagnetic fields generated by mobile phone handsets are interfering with sperm production. Previous studies have shown that close and heavy exposure to this form of radiation damages sperm in the laboratory, though an effect has never been convincingly demonstrated in the real people.

Other researchers cautioned that the study shows only an association between mobile phone use and sperm counts and not a causal link. It is more likely that heavy use is a proxy for another factor, such as stress or obesity, that is actually responsible for the effect, they said. "On the face of it, the findings seem pretty robust, but I can only assume that mobile phone use is some kind of surrogate for something else," said Allan Pacey, a senior lecturer in andrology at the University of Sheffield.

"If you are holding it up to your head to speak a lot, it makes no sense it is having a direct effect on your testes. "Maybe people who use a phone for four hours a day spend more time sitting in cars, which could mean there's a heat issue. It could be they are more stressed, or more sedentary and sit about eating junk food getting fat. Those seem to be better explanations than a phone causing the damage at such a great distance."

Dr Agarwal, who presented the results today at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine conference in New Orleans, said they were worrying because of the huge extent of mobile phone use. "Almost a billion people are using cell phones around the world and the number is growing in many countries at 20 to 30 per cent a year," he said.

"In another five years the number is going to double. "People use mobile phones without thinking twice what the consequences may be. It is just like using a toothbrush but mobiles could be having a devastating effect on fertility. It still has to be proved but it could have a huge impact because mobiles are so much part of our lives."

In the study, 361 men who were having their sperm analysed prior to fertility treatment were asked about their mobile use and split into four groups: those who never used a phone and those who used one for less than two hours, two to four hours, and more than four hours a day. Median sperm counts were measured at 85.89 million per millilitre for non-users, 69.03 for the second group, 58.87 for the third and 50.30 for the fourth. Sperm motility, or swimming ability, also fell with increasing phone use, as did other measures of quality.

"The main finding was that on all four parameters - sperm count, motility, viability and morphology - there were significant differences between the groups," Dr Agarwal said.

"The greater the use of cell phones the greater the decrease in these four parameters. That was very clear and very significant." The results are similar to those of a previous study from the University of Szeged in Hungary, which found a 30 per cent reduction in sperm count among men who kept a mobile on standby in their trouser pockets.(umtsno: .. and study from Austria 2002, M. Davoudi at al.)

That research also failed to control for lifestyle. Such controls are important because sperm production is very sensitive to a number of factors, including obesity and heat: lorry drivers and travelling salesmen, for example, tend to have low sperm counts because the long hours they spend sitting warms their testes.

Dr Agarwal said that if the effect is genuinely caused by mobiles, several explanations are possible. Animal work has shown that electromagnetic fields can damage Leydig cells in the testes and mobiles are also known to cause a heating effect on tissue that might be hazardous to sperm.

Both phenomena occur over short distances, so holding a phone at a distance from the crotch while speaking should not be dangerous.



Cell phones may hurt sperm

TENILLE BONOGUORE Globe and Mail Update 23.10.06

Men who spend hours on their cell phones have lower sperm counts than usual, according to new research that suggests radiation or heat from the phones could be to blame. Both quality and quantity appear to be affected by heavy cell phone use. In an observational study carried out in Cleveland, Mumbai and New Orleans, 364 men who were undergoing evaluation for infertility were divided into three groups according to their sperm count. Among the men with a normal sperm count, those who did not use a cell phone at all averaged 86 million per millilitre, with 68 per cent motility (swimming ability) and 40 per cent being in normal form.

However, men who used a cell phone for more than four hours a day averaged 66 million sperm per millilitre, with 48 per cent motility and 21 per cent taking normal form. The findings, from a team led by Ashok Agarwal of the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, could indicate that the electromagnetic fields generated by mobile phone handsets are interfering with sperm production. In the paper "Relationship between cell phone use and human fertility: an observational study" presented to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine conference in New Orleans on Monday, Dr. Agarwal says the use of cell phones is strongly associated with a decrease in sperm quality, but said large scale studies are needed to identify exactly what is causing that drop.

Dr. Agarwal said that if the effect is genuinely caused by mobiles, several explanations are possible. Animal work has shown that electromagnetic fields can damage Leydig cells in the testes. Mobile phones are also known to cause a heating effect on tissue that could be damaging to sperm. Both phenomena occur over short distances, so holding a phone at a distance from the crotch while speaking should not be dangerous.

http://theglobeandmail.com/



Men who use mobile phones face increased risk of infertility

by JENNY HOPE Last updated at 21:01pm on 23rd October 2006

Men who use mobile phones could be risking their fertility, warn researchers. A new study shows a worrying link between poor sperm and the number of hours a day that a man uses his mobile phone. Those who made calls on a mobile phone for more than four hours a day had the worst sperm counts and the poorest quality sperm, according to results released yest at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine annual meeting in New Orleans. Doctors believe the damage could be caused by the electromagnetic radiation emitted by handsets or the heat they generate.

The findings suggest millions of men may encounter difficulties in fathering a child due to the widespread use of mobile phones and offers another possible explanation for plummeting fertility levels among British males. Sperm counts among British men have fallen by 29 per cent over the past decade, a drop which has also been blamed on increasing obesity, smoking, stress, pollution and 'gender-bending' chemicals which disrupt the hormone system. The latest study backs up previous research which indicated a link between mobile phone use and sperm quality, but it is the biggest and best designed to date.

US researchers in Cleveland and New Orleans, and doctors in Mumbai, India, looked at more than 360 men undergoing checks at a fertility clinic who were classified into three groups according to their sperm count. Men who used a mobile for more than four hours a day had a 25 per cent lower sperm count than men who never used a mobile. The men with highest usage also had greater problems with sperm quality, with the swimming ability of sperm - a crucial factor in conception - down by a third.

They had a 50 per cent drop in the number of properly formed sperm, with just one-fifth looking normal under a microscope. Professor Ashok Agarwal, director of the Reproductive Research Centre at the Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, who led the study, said "Almost a billion people are using cell phones around the world and the number is growing in many countries at 20 to 30 per cent a year.

"In another five years the number is going to double. People use mobile phones without thinking twice what the consequences may be. "It is just like using a toothbrush but mobiles could be having a devastating effect on fertility. It still has to be proved but it could have a huge impact because mobiles are so much part of our lives." Altogether 361 men in the study were divided into four groups, with 40 never using a mobile, 107 men using them for less than two hours a day, 100 men using them for two-four hours daily and 114 making calls for four or more hours a day. The main finding was that on four measures of sperm potency - count, motility, viability and morphology, or appearance - there were significant differences between the groups.

The greater the use of mobile phones, the greater the reduction in each measure.

Prof Agarwal said "This was very clear and very significant. Many in the lowest group for sperm count would be below normal as defined by the World Health Organisation." The WHO says a normal sperm count is above 20 million per millilitre of seminal fluid. "There was a significant decrease in the most important measures of sperm health with cell phone use and that should definitely be reflected in a decrease in fertility" he said.

Motility measures the swimming ability of sperm, viability measures whether non-swimming sperm are still alive while morphology is the appearance compared to the norm. Although the men were seeking fertility treatment at a clinic in Mumbai, not all would have had a problem - it could be their partners, he added. Prof Agarwal said the most likely mechanism was damage to sperm- making cells in the testes caused by electromagnetic radiation or heat, although a fall in hormone production could also affect sperm motility and sperm DNA.

He said: "These cells in the testes have been shown to be susceptible to electromagnetic waves in previous research in animals. "Somehow electromagnetic waves may be causing direct damage to these cells and that perhaps causes a decrease in sperm production." Mobiles may also increase temperature in the groin, if a man was wearing it on a belt or carrying it around in a pocket. Prof Agarwal said it was too early to advise men trying to start a family about whether they should limit their mobile phone use.

He said "We still have a long way to go to prove this but we have just had another study approved." More than 40 million people in Britain are thought to use mobile phones. Alasdair Philips, director of the consumer pressure group Powerwatch said "It's a plausible link between the amount of time spent using a mobile phone and a possible effect on male fertility. "The eyes, breasts and testicles are the areas of the body most likely to absorb the energy and many men carry their mobiles attached to their belt." Sending text messages uses less power than talking but it can be a more intense emission of radiation, especially on trains, he said.

"I've seen men on trains spending two or three hours continually texting with their mobile phones held in their laps, and they press Send in the same position when it starts to seek a signal. "This needs a considerable amount of power within what is effectively a metal box. We advise people to send a text with their arm outstretched next to the window when travelling on a train" he added. He said local heating of the groin triggered by a mobile phone might also be involved in affecting sperm quality. "Sperm is very temperature sensitive as shown by many studies, and a short-term rise in temperature could be responsible" he added. However, Dr Allan Pacey, senior lecturer in andrology at the University of Sheffield, said "This is a good quality study but I don't think it tackles the issue. "If you're using your phone for four hours a day, presumably it is out of your pocket for longer. That raises a big question: how is it that testicular damage is supposed to occur?"

He said mobile phone use may be a marker for other lifestyle factors known to affect sperm quality. "Maybe people who use a phone for four hours a day spend more time sitting in cars, which could mean there's a heat issue. It could be they are more stressed, or more sedentary and sit about eating junk food getting fat. Those seem to be better explanations than a phone causing the damage at such a great distance" he added.

http://dailymail.co.uk/



Sperm damage claims over phone radiation

COULD mobile phones damage the health of children before they have even been conceived?

Yes, says John Aitken of the University of Newcastle in New South Wales. He claims to have preliminary evidence that radio waves of the frequency used by mobile phones can damage sperm DNA in mice. "It won't affect you, but it could affect your children," he says.

Aitken's team exposed 22 mice to 900-megahertz radiation at an estimated rate of 90 milliwatts per kilogram of bodyweight - less than most people receive from mobile phones - for 12 hours a day for one week. A sensitive technique called quantitative PCR found more DNA damage than in sperm from controls, the team will report in the International Journal of Andrology.

But even if he's right, mobiles would probably have far less impact on sperm than smoking or occupational exposure to toxic substances. And CameliaGabriel of Microwave Consultants in London, who is researching the healtheffects of microwaves, is not convinced. "The estimation of the animals' exposure to radiation is not rigorous enough to put much weight behind the claims," she says. There have been numerous claims that radio waves can have effects on living tissue other than heating, but so far none has been confirmed by independent tests.

19 February 2005
From New Scientist Print Edition
Rachel Nowak Melbourne



Weniger Kinder durch das Handy

Zahl der Samenzellen sinkt deutlich

LONDON. Der Streit, ob Handystrahlung schädlich ist oder nicht, geht in eine neue Runde: Ungarische Experten sagen, dass sie die männliche Zeugungsfähigkeit reduziert.

Wissenschafter der ungarischen Universität Szeged kamen nach einer Langzeitstudie zum Ergebnis, dass Männer, die häufig Mobiltelefone nutzen, damit rechnen müssen, dass die Zahl ihrer Samenzellen dramatisch sinkt. Die Untersuchung soll Dienstag bei einem Kongress in Berlin vorgestellt werden und wurde vorab in der Londoner "Sunday Times" veröffentlicht.

221 Männer waren für diese Studie über einen Zeitraum von 13 Monaten untersucht worden. Dabei verglich man immer wieder die Samenproduktion von intensiven Handy-Nutzern und Telefon-abstinenten Männern. Besonders gefährdet sind offenbar Männer, die ihr Handy am Gürtel oder in der Hosentasche tragen. In der Nähe dieser "sensiblen Zonen" wächst das Risiko dramatisch, rund 30 Prozent weniger Spermien wurden bei dieser Gruppe gezählt. Viele der Samenzellen, die überlebten, zeigten zudem abnorme Bewegungsstörungen, die ebenfalls die Fortpflanzung gefährden könnten.

Das würde bedeuten, dass nicht nur häufiges Telefonieren, also direkter Gebrauch, schädlich sein könnte, sondern auch ein Handy in Bereitschaftsfunktion, das ja auch Signale sendet und empfängt, eine Gefährdung darstellt.

vom 28.06.2004

Quelle: http://nachrichten.at/



Handys können die Fruchtbarkeit von Männern um 30% reduzieren

Jonathan Leake, Wissenschaftlicher Autor

Forschungen an der Fruchtbarkeit von Männern, die regelmässig ein Handy tragen und verwenden zeigen auf, daß die Anzahl ihrer Spermien um bis zu 30% veringert sein kann, was die Chancen einer Befruchtung reduziert.

Die Studie ist die erste, die darauf hinweist. daß die männliche Fruchtbarkeit durch die Strahlung, die durch Handys ausgesendet wird, beschädigt werden könnte. Von Männer, die ein Handy am Gürtel oder in der Hosentasche tragen, wird angenommen, dass sie das höchste Risiko haben, was eines Tages zu der Empfehlung führen könnte, das Handy in einer Tasche oder Mappe und entfernt von gefährdeten Körperstellen zu tragen.

Details zu dieser Studie werden am Donnerstag auf einer internationalen Konferenz zur Fruchtbarkeit in Berlin veröffentlicht. Die Forscher untersuchten 221 Männer für 13 Monate und verglichen die Spermien derer, die ihr Handy sehr stark verwendeten mit solchen, die dies nicht taten.

Sie fanden heraus, dass unter den starken Handynutzern solche, die ihr Handy die meiste Zeit mit sich herumtragen, die Spermien Anzahl um 30% reduziert war. Viele der Spermien, die überlebten, zeigten abnormale Beweglichkeit, welche die Fruchtbarkeit weiter reduziert.

Während die Forscher einen Effekt auf Spermien nahelegen, sagen die Wissenschaftler, man müsste weitere Forschung betreiben, um die Ergebnisse zu bestätigen und die auslösenden Mechanismen zu erkennen, durch die es passiert.

Quelle: Sunday Times, England vom 27. Juni 2004



Mobile phones can cut a man's fertility by a third
Jonathan Leake, Science Editor

June 27, 2004

RESEARCH into the fertility of men who regularly carry and use mobile phones has suggested their sperm count can be cut by up to 30%, reducing chances of conception.

The study is the first to indicate male fertility may be damaged by the radiation emitted by mobiles. Men who carry the phone in a belt holster or trouser pocket are thought to be at the highest risk and could one day be advised to put the mobile in a bag or briefcase and away from vulnerable areas.

Details of the research will be released on Tuesday at an international scientific conference of fertility experts in Berlin. The researchers studied 221 men for 13 months comparing the sperm of those who used their phones heavily with others who did not.

They found that heavy users of mobile phones, those who carried their phone around with them most of the time, had their sperm counts reduced by nearly 30%. Many of the sperm that did survive showed abnormal movements further reducing fertility.

While the research suggests an effect on the sperm, the scientists say further work will need to be done to confirm the finding and establish the mechanism by which it might happen.

In the paper, Dr Imre Fejes of the obstetrics and gynaecology department at the University of Szeged in Hungary concludes: "The prolonged use of cell phones may have a negative effect on spermatogenesis (sperm production) and male fertility, that deteroes both concentration and motility."

Unlike previous studies, the researchers believe that phones may cause damage while in stand-by mode. Although not in use, they make regular transmissions to maintain contact with the nearest radio masts. It had been assumed such transmissions were too short to cause harm.

In the study, the researchers looked at men using mobile phones operating on a single frequency. In Britain the picture is more complex with a range of technologies and frequencies in use. Experts believe, however, that if biological or health effects were to emerge, they would probably be found across the spectrum.

The findings will be presented at the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology's annual conference.

Lawrence Challis, emeritus professor of physics at Nottingham University, who chairs the government's Mobile Telecommunications and Health Research Group, said that although there were many studies into the health effects of mobile phones, the results were too contradictory to draw firm conclusions.

"There is no conclusive evidence of damage to health, but mobile phones have only been around for about 15 years," he said. "Many serious diseases take much longer than that to produce symptoms and there is no way the research could show this up."

Later this year Challis will announce plans for the world's biggest study into the health impact of mobile phones. He wants to follow the lives of 250,000 people for at least 15 years - simultaneously tracking their phone usage from data supplied by mobile phone companies.

Challis also sits on the Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation. In a report last January it reviewed the evidence for damage to sperm by mobile phone radiation, but concluded that although there was a theoretical risk there was too little research to draw conclusions.

A spokesperson for the Mobile Operators Association, which represents the five main UK mobile phone network operators, said there was still no firm evidence of damage to health. "Successive studies have found no adverse health effects," she said. o New doubts are being raised over the safety of Viagra, the impotence drug, after experiments showed it may damage sperm and sharply reduce male fertility.

In the work at Queen's University Belfast, the researchers found female mice impregnated by a male treated with Viagra produced only about half the normal number of viable embryos.

The researchers also found that Viagra altered the mice's sperm motility, a key measure of fertility, and that it caused premature changes in the acrosome, the part of the sperm that helps it enter and fertilise an egg cell.

The new study suggests the same problems will occur in human patients. More than 40% of clinics prescribe Viagra to male patients in the belief that it will increase sperm production.

Earlier, test-tube research into Viagra's effect on human sperm, by the same group, also suggested a risk. It found the drug made sperm swim too fast and caused other damaging physiological changes.

The Sunday Times - Britain

http://timesonline.co.uk



Zusammenhang zwischen regelmäßigem Handy-Gebrauch und menschlicher Samenqualität

Übersetzung des Studien-Abstrakts
Übersetzung von D. Bücher

Einführung: Umwelteinflüsse können für die in den letzten Jahrzehnten festgestellte Verschlechterung der Spermien-Parameter verantwortlich sein. Die Effekte des elektromagnetischen Feldes von Mobiltelefonen (900MHz)

Methoden:
Ort: Universität von Szeged, Abteilung für Obstetrik und Gynäkologie, Ungarn.
Die Aufnahme der Geschichte wurde ergänzt durch die Fragen, wie lange der Patient das Mobiltelefon besitzt, wie lange es sich am Tag (in Stunden) in der Nähe des Patienten im StandBy-Modus befindet und wie lange es täglich sendet (in Minuten). Die Samenanalysen wurden unter Benutzung eines Makler Spermienzähl-Geräts durchgeführt. Die Spermienkonzentration, die Motilität gemäß WHO-Richtlinien, die Zahl der motilen Spermien und die der progressiv motilen Spermien wurden bestimmt. Die Nicht-Nutzer wurden mit den sehr aktiven Nutzern verglichen. Die statistischen Analysen wurden mit der SPSS 11.0 Software durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse: Insgesamt wurden 451 Patienten während der 13-monatigen Studiendauer untersucht.
Unter den 221 Männern, die den Kriterien entsprachen und die Studie abschlossen, wurden signifikante Korrelationen zwischen der Dauer des StandBy-Modus und der Spermienkonzentration (r=-0.161, p=0.04), zwischen der Länge der täglichen Gespräche und der schnellen progressiven bzw. der langsamen progressiven Motilität (r=-0.191, p=0.005 bzw. r=0.323, p<0.001) und zwischen der Dauer des StandBy-Modus und der Konzentration der schnellen progressiven motilen Spermien (r=-0.218, p=0.005). Weiterhin wurde ein Unterschied zwischen den Nutzern, die das Telefon ganztäglich im StandBy-Modus betrieben hatten, und denen, die es nicht im Standby-Modus betrieben hatten, hinsichtlich der Spermienkonzentration gefunden (59.11x106/ml vs 82.97x106/ml, p=0.021, N=51 vs 46). Ferner gab es einen Unterschied zwischen den Nutzern mit verlängerter Gesprächszeit und den Nicht-Telefonierern hinsichtlich der schnellen progressiven Motilität (36.31% vs 51.34%, p=0.007, N=16 vs 61).

Schlussfolgerungen: Der verlängerte Gebrauch von Mobiltelefonen könnte einen negativen Effekt auf die Spermatogenese und die männliche Fruchtbarkeit haben, der vermutlich sowohl die Konzentration als auch die Motilität verschlechtert. Weitere kontrollierte randomisierte Studien sind nötig, um die Korrelationskoeffizienten zu präzisieren.

I. Fejes1, Z. Závaczki2, J. SzöllŒsi3, S. Koloszár4, L. Kovács5, A. Pál6
1University of Szeged, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Szeged, Hungary


download der Ungarischen Studie: Zusammenhang zwischen regelmaessigem Handy-Gebrauch und menschlicher Samenqualitaet (.pdf, 160 kB)

Quelle: "ESHRE, BERLIN 2004: SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME"
http://conf.eshre.com

Kommentar:

Diese Studie hat auch schon einen Vorläufer, der zu den gleichen Ergebnissen kam.

Der Einfluss elektromagnetischer Wellen auf die Spermienmotilität (.pdf ca. 80 KB)

Gemäß einer Studie aus Österreich haben GSM-Telefone bei intensivem Gebrauch einen Einfluss auf die Spermienmotilität. (M. Davoudi, C. Brössner, W. Kuber, J Urol Urogynäkol 2002; 9 (3)

Ferner wurde auch auf der Salzburger Konferenz in 2000 schon von einer chinesischen Wissenschaftlerin (Frau Prof. Dr. Huai Chiang) zu dieser Thematik berichtet, bzw. wies diese darauf hin, dass in China mit dieser Strahlung im Rahmen der Bevölkerungskontrolle die Männer sterilisiert wurden.

Diese Berichte zeigen wieder einmal, dass das ach so geliebte Handy doch nicht so ungefährlich ist, wie immer von der Industrie behauptet wird. Es wird höchste Zeit, dass die Politik auf diese Hinweise reagiert. Handys sind halt keine Konsumartikel oder Spielzeuge, sondern technische Geräte, die nicht ungefährlich sind.

Diese Nachricht gestern in der Presse schreckte die Öffentlichkeit so weit auf, dass sogar in der populären Sendung Late Night Show mit Anke Engelke (SAT 1) ein Thema war. Sie forderte ihre Zuschauerinnen auf "schickt euren Freunden tagsüber viele SMS, dann könnt ihr auch nicht schwanger werden".

Also weiter viel Spaß beim Handytelefonieren. Und wundert euch nicht, wenn ihr anschließend als Eunuchen herumlauft.



Stellungnahme des BfS zum Artikel "Machen Handys ihre Nutzer unfruchtbar?"

Das Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BfS) veröffentlichte eine kritische Stellungnahme zum Vortrag des Ungarn Dr. Imre Fejes, der bei der Jahrestagung der European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) am 29.06.2004 in Berlin die Ergebnisse seiner Forschung über den Einfluss von Handys auf die männliche Fruchtbarkeit vorgestellt hat.

Beitrag des Bundesamts für Strahlenschutz:
http://bfs.de/elektro/papiere/stell_fruchtbarkeit.html



"ESHRE, BERLIN 2004: SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME"

Free Communication

Room: HALL 3
Date: 29-06-2004      From:   15:15:00      To: 16:30:00
Session 39 - Male Fertility / Mixed Topics

162:  Relationship between regular cell phone use and human semen quality

Introduction: Environmental factors can be responsible for the deteriorative sperm parameters detected in the last decades. The effects of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones (?900MHz) on human spermatogenesis have not been studied yet. Our aim was to determine possible relationship between regular cell phone use and the different human semen attributes.

Methods: Localisation: University of Szeged, Dept. Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hungary. History taking was supplemented with questions, how long patient owns mobile phone, how long it is standby in a day (in hours) near the patient, and how long it transmits daily (in minutes). Semen analyses were performed using Makler sperm counting chamber. Sperm concentration, motility according to WHO guidelines, motile sperm count and progressively motile sperm count were assessed. Comparison between non-users and very active users has been drawn. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 11.0 software.

Results: A total of 451 patients were examined during the 13 months of study period. Among the 221 men corresponded the criteria and completed the study, singificant correlations were found between duration of standby position and sperm concentration (r=-0.161, p=0.04) length of daily transmission and rapid progressive or slow progressive motility (r=-0.191, p=0.005; r=0.323, p<0.001, respectively) and between the duration of standby position and rapid progressive motile sperm concentration (r=-0.218, p=0.005). Furthermore, difference was found between daylong standby and non-standby users in sperm concentration (59.11x106/ml vs 82.97x106/ml, p=0.021, N=51 vs 46) and between prolonged transmiters and non-transmiters in rapid progressive motility (36.31% vs 51.34%, p=0.007, N=16 vs 61).

Conclusions: The prolonged use of cell phones may have negative effect on spermatogenesis and male fertility, that presumably deteriorates both concentration and motility. Further controlled randomised studies are neccessary to percise the correlation coefficients.

I. Fejes1, Z. Závaczki2, J. SzöllŒsi3, S. Koloszár4, L. Kovács5, A. Pál6
1University of Szeged, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Szeged, Hungary

download (.pdf, 160 kB)